[72] In a 2008 article for the India Quarterly journal titled Oceania and Security: A Perspective from New Zealand, author Peter Cozens stated, "the region of Oceania is characterised by vast distances across the sea between continental land masses [] It is difficult to be precise about the term Oceania and its exact delimitation", adding that "the principal regional political grouping is contained within the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) - the 16 states making up the Forum are: Australia, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu - in general terms this is the area referred to as Oceania by the United Nations and similar agencies. It is one of three massive states that are constantly at war with each other, with the. Public health experts [69] Hawaii had not yet become a U.S. state in 1947, and as such was part of the original UN definition of Oceania. [425], The artistic creations of native Oceanians varies greatly throughout the cultures and regions. Rugby, football and cricket are popularin most Oceanian countries, although there are also important local or nativesportsin the Pacific islands. [13], The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. [76][77] American lexicographer Joseph Emerson Worcester wrote in 1840 that Oceania is "a term applied to a vast number of islands which are widely dispersed in the Pacific Ocean [] they are considered as forming a fifth grand division of the world." Countries in Oceania The following are countries that are included in the broad definition of Oceania, with their corresponding population and capitals. [212] He was the first known European explorer to reach these islands. [50][51][52] The Pacific Ocean itself has been labelled as a "continent of islands", and contains approximately 25,000, which is more than all the other major oceans combined. The population of the Oceania / Pacific region is approximately 300 million. [444][445] Fiji's sevens team is one of the most successful in the world, as is New Zealand's. The total population of Oceania minus mainland Australia is about 18 million. [376][377] There are two major political groups that usually form government, federally and in the states: the Australian Labor Party and the Coalition which is a formal grouping of the Liberal Party and its minor partner, the National Party. ), Gold Coast (theme parks such as Warner Bros. Movie World, Dreamworld and Sea World), Walls of Jerusalem National Park and Mount Field National Park in Tasmania, Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne, the Great Barrier Reef in Queensland, The Twelve Apostles in Victoria, Uluru (Ayers Rock) and the Australian outback. Much of the basement rock of New Zealand was once part of the super-continent of Gondwana, along with South America, Africa, Madagascar, India, Antarctica and Australia. A population can . Population: The population of the world is not evenly distributed among the continents. The country has been broadened by globalisation and immigration specifically from Oceania, Europe, and Asia. The Population and Public Health Branch ensures that core public health . Subregions in Oceania. the United States population is equivalent to 4.25% of the total world population. [415] Some artists release Mori language songs and the Mori tradition-based art of kapa haka (song and dance) has made a resurgence. [411], New Zealand as a culture is a Western culture, which is influenced by the cultural input of the indigenous Mori and the various waves of multi-ethnic migration which followed the British colonisation of New Zealand. Planet Sport p. 85, Kath Woodward 2012, Australia p. 101, Sundran Rajendra 2002, New Zealand p. 76, Rebecca Hirsch 2013, Boundaries between the continents of Earth, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, International Union for Conservation of Nature, History of the Federated States of Micronesia, Military history of Australia during World War I, Military history of Australia during World War II, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania, Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands, stock exchange in Australia and in the South Pacific, Globalization and World Cities Research Network, Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100", "United Nations Statistics Division National Accounts", "Oceania: Population, Characteristics, Economy And Religions", "Australia: World Audit Democracy Profile", "Kiribati: 2011 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report, Informational Annexes, Debt Sustainability Analysis, Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion, and Statement by the Executive Director for Kiribati", "2011 Human Development Report: Pacific Islands' progress jeopardized by inequalities and environmental threats", "Secret Instructions to Captain Cook, 30 June 1768", "Oceania | Definition, Population, & Facts | Britannica", "Unprecedented study of Aboriginal Australians points to one shared Out of Africa migration for modern humans", "Taiwan - Sports and recreation | Britannica", The world as it is now: a series of geographical readers Part 1 By Thomas Higman, 1884, P.38, Daily Consular and Trade Reports 1928, P.532, Mineral Resources of the United States Part 1 By United States, Bureau of Mines, 1922, P.46a, Lewis & Wigen, The Myth of Continents (1997), "Australia is a Pacific island it has a responsibility", "Rudd on avoiding war and Australia's big policy failure in the Pacific", "Australia and Oceania: Physical Geography", "Martin Clunes' ultimate guide to the Pacific islands", "Environmental history of the Pacific Islands: a Bibliography |", "POLICY BRIEF: The Pacific: Transition & Uncertainty", "Micronesia: Submerged Cultural Resources Assessment", "A Classification of the Biogeographical Provinces of the World", "Tourist attractions in Easter Island & Robinson Crusoe", "Countries or areas / geographical regions", https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/tl/tl-nr-04-en.pdf, "Preliminary checklist of the naturalised and pest plants of Timor-Leste", "Australia and Oceania - The World Factbook", "How the Pacific Islands Forum Fell Apart", ".hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22included+in+oceania%22&pg=RA2-PA95&printsec=frontcover Archived, "Diversity of drosophilid flies on Kume-jima, a subtropical island: comparison with diversity on Iriomote-jima", "Philippines islands to reunite with mainland Asia", "ryukyu islands japan: Topics by Science.gov", "Naturally occurring Bacillus thuringiensis in oceanic islands of Japan, Daito-shoto and Ogasawara-shoto", "Marine Biodiversity in Juan Fernndez and Desventuradas Islands, Chile: Global Endemism Hotspots", "Shore Fishes of Easter Island, John E. Randall & Alfredo Cea Egaa", "Venereal diseases in the islands of the South Pacific", "The Austronesians: Historical and comparative perspectives", "Paternal Genetic Structure of Hainan Aborigines Isolated at the Entrance to East Asia", "Indian National Football Team: Know Your Rivals - Chinese Taipei", "Tectonics of the East Pacific | Hurtigruten Expeditions", "1963 Kuril Islands earthquake of 8.5 magnitude | Sound Seismic", "Popular Geology - Earthquakes & Tsunamis", "pacific-studies.eu: Clipperton Island (France) | The World Factbook", "Clipperton Island | island, Pacific Ocean | Britannica", "Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll", "Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific", "Was Marcus Island Discovered by Bernardo de la Torre in 1543? In the archaeological record there are well-defined traces of this expansion which allow the path it took to be followed and dated with some certainty. United States Naval Institute, For the Japanese designator of Oahu. The Pacific Games (formerly known as the South Pacific Games) is a multi-sport event, much like the Olympics on a much smaller scale, with participation exclusively from countries around the Pacific. The islands lie on the Nazca Plate with Easter Island and the Galpagos Islands, and have a significant south central Pacific component to their marine fauna. Although it is mostly ocean and spans many continental plates, Oceania is occasionally listed as one of the continents. [424] The sasa is also a traditional dance where rows of dancers perform rapid synchronised movements in time to the rhythm of wooden drums (pate) or rolled mats. Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onwards. [114] Chile's government have occasionally considered them to be within Oceania along with Easter Island. [427] These early peoples lacked a writing system, and made works on perishable materials, so few records of them exist from this time. Tourism has been promoted, in part, by Vanuatu being the site of several reality-TV shows. The Refaluwasch or Carolinian people came to the Marianas in the 1800s from the Caroline Islands. Australia and New Guinea have importantmining deposits that allowheavy industryandmetals, while New Zealand takes advantage of its lakes for the generation of hydroelectric power, thus promoting its industrialization. [56][57] The Nazca Plate, which includes Easter Island, neighbors the South American Plate, and is still considered to be a separate tectonic plate, despite only containing a handful of islands. Population is the entire pool from which a statistical sample is drawn. [182][183], The Bonin Islands are in the same biogeographical realm as the geographically adjacent Micronesia, and are often grouped in with the subregion because of this. Many are descendants of immigrants brought to work on the sugarcane plantations in the mid-to-late 19th century. These regions are usually considered to be part of Maritime Southeast Asia. 3. Other Austronesian areas such as Indonesia and the Philippines were not included, due to their closer cultural proximity to mainland Asia. Vocabulary. The Ahmadiyya mosque in Marshall Islands is the only mosque in Micronesia. Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception of Antarctica . For all other years: latest year annual percentage change equivalent assuming homogeneous change in the preceding five year period, calculated through reverse compounding. According to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the number of people is estimated to grow steadily and in 2100, the global population is estimated to be approximately. Humid continental (warm) 5. It was politically associated with Australia and Tasmania by 1870. "[127] For political reasons, Taiwan was a member of the Oceania Football Confederation during the 1970s and 1980s, rather than the Asian Football Confederation. The Mori people constitute one of the major cultures of Polynesia. Other non-tropical areas below the equator, such as Chilo Island, Macquarie Island, Tasmania, and the southern portions of mainland Australia and New Zealand, were not included in this category. [64] Todd further included the Aleutian Islands in his definition of Oceania. In recent Australian and New Zealand censuses, large proportions of the population say they belong to "no religion" (which includes atheism, agnosticism, deism, secular humanism). "[99] Scottish academic John Merry Ross in 1879 considered Polynesia to cover the entire South and Central Pacific area, not just islands ethnographically within Polynesia. [ 212 ] He was the first known European explorer to reach these Islands the cultures regions... 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