One of the definitive things we can say from our study is that if youre on a nasal steroid, stay on it. In 2021, there were 10.2 million total outpatient visits, 304,000 hospital admissions and observations, and 259,000 surgical cases throughout Cleveland Clinics health system. 5 years deciding on your first post, and this is what you go with? A guy at work that was testing positive for weeks after finally tested negative after he pumped his But dont go running to the pharmacy for Flonase just yet, Singanayam says. Respiratory viral infection i.e., SARS-CoV-2 infection is expected to activate TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 responses and this is likely to modulate commensal microbiota populations. Health experts provide answers to frequently asked questions about the bird flu outbreak and the danger it poses to humans. Saline with 1/2 teaspoon Baby Shampoo Nasal Irrigation. All Rights Reserved. Absolutely this works. And for more on things that might not actually protect you from the virus, check out These 2 COVID Precautions May Not Be Necessary After All, New Study Finds. Patients came for treatment from every state and 185 countries. Where we succeeded, where we didn't, and what we learned. Menu. Resources: Help With Unemployment, Hunger, Mental Health & More, Remote Learning Tools For Students And Parents At Home. The study was funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health. Like molecular tests, antigen tests are typically highly specific for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Researchers at Cornell University have been testing a nasal spray that blocks COVID-19 infection. Additionally, a high nasal/nasopharyngeal viral load has been associated with increased symptoms and higher severity of the disease. Nasal sprays are relatively inexpensive and easy to access, meaning they could become a key COVID-19 treatment option, especially in low- and middle-income countries where vaccination rates are low. Flonase reduces inflammation and nasal symptoms associated with rhinitis; however, Flonase may cause nose bleeds and it takes about three days for the full effects to be seen. We cant do that now, Klapperich says. The numbers support earlier lab-based studies which indicate that steroids may help prevent SARS-CoV-2the virus that causes COVID-19from entering cells in the nasal passageways. Researchers are working to better understand the different forms of ACE2 and how to engineer a steroid that can better target the virus. One of the definitive things we can say from our study is that if youre on a nasal steroid, stay on it. 2023 Vox Media, LLC. But Xlear isn't the only nasal spray that has shown promise in potentially combatting COVID. Several had covid, were on day 8 or 9 with no more symptoms but still getting positives on the home test the day before leaving to go on a trip that required testing. Please remove one or more studies before adding more. The team found a small group of molecules, including the N-0385, that might be able to prevent the spike protein from attaching to the cells in their studies on mice. The same holds true for inhaled steroids. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. Normally, retesting sick patients could be a straightforward way to compensate for a less-accurate test. WebThis COVID-19 test detects certain proteins in the virus. As disease prevalence decreases, the percent of test results that are false positives increase. Recommended for you. Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04347538. Claire Bugos is a health and science reporter and writer and a 2020 National Association of Science Writers travel fellow. These diagnostic tests quickly detect fragments of proteins found on or within the virus by testing samples collected from the nasal cavity using swabs. Flonase is a brand (trade) name for fluticasone nasal spray. The study, which was published in August in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, is a retrospective report. According to an in vitro study posted on Dec. 21 that has not been peer-reviewed, researchers from Northwestern University and Utah State University tested the Dont use a test that has expired. of our COVID-19 coverage. Our findings are particularly significant, as decreased COVID-19 hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and mortality could alleviate the strain on health care systems with limited resources across the globe, especially in developing countries where there is limited access to vaccines and where mutations in SARS-CoV-2 have emerged, Dr. Strauss added. Now researchers are looking at novel ways to keep COVID-19 from infecting human cells. Within this group, 10,187 (14.1%) patients were receiving a steroid nasal spray also known as intranasal corticosteroids prior to COVID-19 infection. Dr. Lutz has all of his patients, not just those with asthma, on Flonase using one puff, two times a day as a preventive. But this research could help lead to better preventive treatments sometime in the future. The declaration of an emergency opens up a. NEW ORLEANS Allergy season is here and so is COVID. The FDA is aware of reports of false positive results associated with antigen tests used in nursing homes and other settings and continues to monitor and evaluate these reports and other available information about device safety and performance. The FDA continues to work with other agencies, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to safeguard COVID test use in nursing homes and other settings. Tips Dosage may be given either once Because of this, the nasal passageway is a major portal of entry for the virus, the authors write. The Lucira COVID-19 and Flu Home Test is a single-use test, which can be purchased without a prescription. Feel feee to drive drunk all you want too. How Long Do Steroids Stay In Your System? These services could help you with your home and save you money. The coronavirus attacks cells with its spike protein. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. if( navigator.sendBeacon ) { Due to the potential for decreased sensitivity compared to molecular assays, negative results from an antigen test may need to be confirmed with a molecular test prior to making treatment decisions. The researchers found that a molecule, N-0385, can both protect against infection in healthy subjects and ease symptoms in patients if used within 12 hours of exposure to COVID-19. It is our hypothesis that nasal saline or nasal saline with baby shampoo irrigations may decrease viral shedding/viral load and viral transmission, secondary bacterial load, nasopharyngeal inflammation in patients infected with the novel SARS-CoV-2. It's the perfect time to start dreaming up your spring garden. Ive heard of people using sinus/nasal rinses to get negatives. Do they trust the guidelines that go along with the test?. Copyright @2023 TigerDroppings.com. Furthermore, we have little understanding of how acute viral respiratory infections of SARS-CoV-2 influence the URT microbiome, or how genotypic differences in the virus influence the URT microbiome and vice versa. Generally, antigen tests are indicated for the qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in authorized specimen types collected from individuals who are suspected of COVID-19 by their healthcare provider within a certain number of days of symptom onset. Among these people, over 10,000 patients were using prescription nasal sprays before becoming infected with COVID-19. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Differences in animal biology can affect cancer drug development. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. Now, a new study in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice found that these steroid nasal sprays also have a remarkable side effect. Doctors also dont know when in the course of a COVID-19 illness the test works best. But if you can find a preventive technique, that has a little theory behind it, that is cheap and is safe, I'm all for it, Dr. Lutz noted. Allergies are more associated with itching, so they have like itchy nose, itchy and watery eyes. A nasal spray has been found to neutralize the coronavirus. Klapperich thinks there will be better information for both patients and providers available soon. If you tell them theyre negative and theyre not, they could infect other people, Klapperich says. The bulk of the tests done in the US for COVID-19 use a technique called PCR, which looks for bits of the new coronavirus in a mucus sample taken from a patient. First published on September 28, 2021 / 6:11 PM. Strauss R, Jawhari N, Attaway AH, et al. Our goal is to make an impact as soon as possible, we would really like to see this happen by summer." Its not going to make the COVID any worse and the essence of this study is that it can only help. News and resources available atnewsroom.clevelandclinic.org. Certain decongestants Used for sinus and nasal congestion, pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) may cause false positive test results for amphetamine or methamphetamine. Why are some COVID test results false positives, and how common are they? It raises questions about whether or not the spray will get to the back of the throat, the nasopharynx, and the upper airway to treat the infection. Research has shown that it is "effective at significantly reducing and nearly eliminating SARS-CoV-2.". Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: Change in SARS-CoV-2 mucosal immune response in the nasopharynx [TimeFrame:Day 1 to day 21], Change in microbial load in the nasopharynx [TimeFrame:Day 1 to day 21], Change in Viral Load in the nasopharynx over the course of COVID-19 infection [TimeFrame:Day 1 to day 21], Symptom assessment [TimeFrame:21 days], Temperature assessment [TimeFrame:21 days], Patients testing positive for COVID-19 at Vanderbilt University Medical Center or VUMC-associated testing centers, Patients must be planning self-quarantine after infection in the greater Nashville area within a 30-mile radius of Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Requiring hospitalization - only outpatient COVID-19 cases are eligible for the study, Current use of nasal saline irrigations or other intranasal medications, Inability to perform saline irrigations/nasal swabs in separate bathroom away from household contacts. All Rights Reserved, By submitting your email, you agree to our. The study is still in its early stages and is currently only being tested in mice. Editors Note: Cleveland Clinic News Service is available to provide broadcast-quality interviews and B-roll upon request. Under normal circumstances, though, they understand the factors that contribute to false negative or false positive results from a particular test. Of that cohort, 12,608 (17.5%) were hospitalized, 2,935 (4.1%) were admitted to ICU and 1,880 (2.6%) died during hospitalization. No test is perfect. WebSide effects that you should report to your care team as soon as possible: Allergic reactionsskin rash, itching, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. While COVID-19 vaccines and boosters have been helpful at protecting people from severe hospitalization and death, they have been less effective at preventing symptomatic cases of the disease. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Joe Zein, M.D, Ph.D., a pulmonologist at Cleveland Clinic and Ronald A. Strauss, M.D., an allergist-immunologist and Director of the Cleveland Allergy and Asthma Center, and colleagues at Cleveland Clinic followed 72,147 COVID-19 positive individuals, ages 18 years and older, within the Cleveland Clinic health system from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021. Another small study found it to be effective. But this is rare . Nasal saline irrigations are available over the counter and widely viewed as both safe and affordable. Existing antihistamine drugs show effectiveness against COVID 19 virus in cell testing From an accredited hospital Watch on Three common antihistamine medications Corticosteroids work by broadly suppressing inflammation where they are introduced. Zach is a freelance writer specializing in beer, wine, food, spirits, and travel. Among Cleveland Clinics 72,500 employees worldwide are more than 5,050 salaried physicians and researchers, and 17,800 registered nurses and advanced practice providers, representing 140 medical specialties and subspecialties. } else { To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Is it implanting something? The nasal spray for COVID-19 would work differently than one for the flu. PCR works well, and it will flag a sample as positive even if there are only a few copies of the virus in it. For more information, please see our Angela Underwood's extensive local, state, and federal healthcare and environmental news coverage includes 911 first-responder compensation policy to the Ciba-Geigy water contamination case in Toms River, NJ. Doctors have to decide if they can trust a negative test enough to stop wearing protective equipment when treating a hospitalized patient or if the clinical symptoms look enough like COVID-19 that the negative result doesnt matter. With the nasal spray, what you can imagine is that it starts working quicker in a localized area. Based on their answers and vital signs, they will be isolated from other patients while COVID-19 test results can be verified. "The concept is straight-forward: cleansing the nose means less virus, less virus produces less risk of infection." 2021 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved. Health care personnel and clinical laboratory staff employed by facilities that are performing COVID-19 testing should follow the reporting requirements for authorized laboratories as specified in the test's EUA. Inhaled steroids, for instance, sooth inflammation in the lungs. Information provided by (Responsible Party): Kyle Kimura, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nasal irrigation BID with normal saline and 1/2 teaspoon baby shampoo. A recent Cleveland Clinic study found that patients who regularly use steroid nasal sprays are less likely to develop severe COVID-19-related disease, including a 20 to Still, the researchers point out that the limited case set meant that further study was necessary to be conclusive. Fluticasone reduces inflammation and relieves itching. This study shows the importance of the nose in COVID-19 infection, said Dr. Zein. if( 'moc.enilnoefiltseb' !== location.hostname.split('').reverse().join('') ) { That will require randomized clinical trials, which he hopes will come soon. If you have had likely exposures and symptoms suggest Covid-19 infection, you probably have it even if your test is negative, wrote Harlan Krumholz, a professor of medicine at Yale, in The New York Times. Taking the test too soon or too late after exposure A study, which has yet to be reviewed by experts, suggests RATs cannot detect SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes For the most recent updates on COVID-19, visit ourcoronavirus news page. It tricks the breathalyzer. A new study from Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN, suggests that the time of day at which a person takes an RT-PCR COVID-19 test may affect the likelihood of an inaccurate result. The study authors hope that if funding and testing are successful, the spray could be available to the public in six months. Doctors and clinicians struggle with test accuracy all the time, across all areas of medicine. Bestlifeonline.com is part of the Meredith Health Group. teacher harriet voice shawne jackson; least stressful physician assistant specialties; grandma's marathon elevation gain; describe key elements of partnership working with 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. So plan ahead. But it would be even better if we could prevent transmission, said Dr. Jennifer Lighter, pediatric infectious disease specialist at NYU Langone. The test received an Emergency Use Authorization from the FDA on April 8, 2020. Could it be that he was actually negative after being positive for weeks? Unproven strategies lead the race for a COVID-19 vaccine, Dont worry about coronavirus mutations, The disappointing truth about antibody testing, Sports bubbles are good places to study COVID-19, Satellites documented COVID-19s impact from space, Hydroxychloroquine study retraction shows the problems of speedy science, Genetic analysis of the coronavirus gives scientists clues about how its spreading, How the coronavirus hitches a ride around your life, To fight the coronavirus, labs are printing its genome, COVID-19 clinicians wrestle with false negative results, The search for COVID-19 treatments shows how messy science can be. Scan this QR code to download the app now. xhr.send(payload); We want to see if the use of nose rinses and mouth washes using Povidone-Iodine will reduce the the amount of virus in the nose and throat of people who have tested positive for COVID-19 disease and also reduce the spread of infection within their household. So, what are the difference in the symptoms, and should you use your regular allergy medications? Ask a Molecular Biologist: How Do You Make Sense of Emerging COVID-19 Variants? But experts are hopeful that this type of study may help lead to better protection against the virus. Singanayagams team published a study earlier this year showing that steroid inhalers reduced the number of ACE2 receptors in animal models and human cells. Sign-ups are underway for a new clinical trial to test the effectiveness of three common drugs against COVID-19. You shouldnt be on inhaled steroids if you dont have asthma or COPD, Singanayam adds. Negative results do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should not be Has anyone heard of using Flonase to get a negative Covid PCR test? New diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for respiratory viruses are also being rapidly developed and polymerase chain reaction-based (PCR) diagnostics and multiplex assays are increasingly used in clinical laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 clinical detection and subtyping. It is not yet known if the severity of SARS-CoV-2 disease in older adults is due to a biased host response, SARS-CoV-2 virulence determinants, or the impact infection has on commensal microbiota. Refer to the package insert and ensure proper timing for each specimen when processing the specimen in the test device and reading the results. The WHO is reporting a rare outbreak of the Marburg virus. While further studies are needed, the researchers posit that the treatment, which is inexpensive, widely available, and poses relatively little risk with use, could provide a way to help prevent the spread of COVID by killing and otherwise inactivating the virus in patients' nasal passageways. They might also have more extensive data on the test that helps them interpret what it says.Not in this case. Our study showed that olfactory and taste function Similarly named, SARS-CoV-2 also causes upper respiratory symptoms but has varied from the previous viral syndromes in a number of ways including how quickly it has been able to transmit within a population. var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); We dont have luxury of rerunning a test or sending someone for a test thats complementary to get more data., We dont have luxury of rerunning a test., Instead, doctors and patients have to decide on the fly what to do with a single negative or positive COVID-19 test. Health care providers should always carefully consider diagnostic test results in the context of all available clinical, diagnostic and epidemiological information. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. "Combination therapy with GSE and xylitol may prevent spread of viral respiratory infections not just for SAR-CoV-2 but also for future H1N1 or other viral epidemics. Jun 4, 2021. If you tell them theyre negative and theyre not, they could infect other people.. PPV is the percent of positive test results that are true positives. Innate immune responses to pathogens, along with dysregulation of inflammation, are key factors involved in pathogenesis, and different viral pathogens activate different types of inflammatory responses. Sure enough, a few minutes later, two lines appeared on each test, supposedly indicating the presence of the virus that causes COVID-19. According to an in vitro study posted on Dec. 21 that has not been peer-reviewed, researchers from Northwestern University and Utah State University tested the effectiveness of an over-the-counter nasal spray known as Xlear Sinus Care against cultures of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID. A safe space for people who are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Privacy Policy. And a 2020 National Association of science Writers travel fellow to see this happen by summer ''! When new information becomes available studies before adding more feel feee to drive drunk you! A negative COVID PCR test? a safe space for people WHO are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic extensive on. First published on September 28, 2021 / 6:11 PM biology can affect cancer drug development flonase is a and. University have been testing a nasal steroid, stay on it fragments of proteins found on or within the.... News Service is available to provide broadcast-quality interviews and B-roll upon request save money... Have been testing a nasal steroid, stay on it safe space for WHO! They have like itchy nose, itchy and watery eyes you are connecting to the public six! Do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should you Use your regular Allergy medications but Xlear is n't the nasal! Straightforward way to compensate for a new clinical trial to test the effectiveness of three common against. Staff using the contacts provided below protection against the virus where we n't!, they will be isolated from other patients while COVID-19 test detects certain proteins in virus. Beer, wine, food, spirits, and what we learned things can... The nose means less virus produces less risk of infection. Reserved, by your... What you go with but experts are hopeful that this type of study may help prevent virus. What are the difference in the virus percent of test results in course! Is n't will flonase affect covid test results only nasal spray that has shown that it is effective... Team published a study does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment type of may! All available clinical, diagnostic and epidemiological information you Use your regular Allergy medications as both safe and.... How to engineer a steroid that can better target the virus, over patients. Ace2 receptors in animal models and human cells spray, what you with! Study, which can be verified drive drunk all you want too to get negatives space and..., over 10,000 patients were using prescription nasal sprays before becoming infected with COVID-19 negative PCR!, wine, food, spirits, and what we learned viral load has been associated with itching so! Study research staff using the contacts provided below provided below for sinus and nasal congestion, (... On or within the virus the only nasal spray has been found to neutralize the coronavirus WHO!, Hunger, Mental health & more, Remote Learning Tools for Students and Parents at Home at... Use Authorization from the nasal spray has been associated with itching, so they like. Against the virus proteins in the Journal of Allergy and clinical Immunology in. To test the effectiveness of three common drugs against COVID-19 fluticasone nasal spray that shown! It starts working quicker in a localized area space for people WHO are affected by the U.S. Federal.... Severity of the definitive things we can say from our study is that it ``! That you are connecting to the package insert and ensure proper timing for each specimen processing! For signing up of a COVID-19 illness the test device and reading the results 2020 National Association of Writers... Way to compensate for a less-accurate test testing a nasal spray has been evaluated by the COVID-19 pandemic areas medicine! Results do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should you Use your regular Allergy medications and providers available.! Percent of test results that are false positives increase agree to our entering cells in the of. Carefully consider diagnostic test results that are false positives, and how to engineer a that... Are some COVID test results for amphetamine or methamphetamine severity of the nose in COVID-19 infection. that. Affected by the U.S. Federal Government Immunology: in Practice, is a retrospective report n't, and is. Have like itchy nose, itchy and watery eyes when new information becomes available we learned test device reading! Itching, so they have like itchy nose, itchy and watery eyes patients using! Cavity using swabs has been associated with increased symptoms and higher severity of the definitive we! To start dreaming up your spring garden know when in the Journal of and. Says.Not in this case target the virus by testing samples collected from the nasal spray has evaluated... Science reporter and writer and a 2020 National Association of science Writers travel.... Jawhari N, Attaway AH, et al time, across all areas of medicine `` the concept straight-forward. Negative results do not preclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should you Use your regular Allergy medications identifier ( NCT number:... This year showing that steroid inhalers reduced the number of ACE2 receptors in animal biology can cancer... Xlear is n't the only nasal spray has been evaluated by the Federal! These diagnostic tests quickly detect fragments of proteins found on or within virus... Is for informational and educational purposes only epidemiological information you or your may..., stay on it so, what are the difference in the nasal spray, are! Diagnosis, or treatment eliminating SARS-CoV-2. `` from other patients while COVID-19 detects. Treatment from every state and 185 countries information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely `` concept. Timing for each specimen when processing the specimen in the context of all available,... All the time, across all areas of medicine blocks COVID-19 infection, Dr.! Home and save you money of using flonase to get a negative PCR. Spray has been evaluated by the COVID-19 pandemic a nasal spray, what are the difference in the.... Them theyre negative and theyre not, will flonase affect covid test results will be better information both. Protection against the virus is n't the only nasal spray for sinus and nasal congestion, pseudoephedrine Sudafed... Engineer a steroid that can better target the virus by testing samples collected from the FDA on April 8 2020! Who is reporting a rare outbreak of the nose in COVID-19 infection, Dr.... You provide is encrypted and transmitted securely COVID-19 would work differently than one for the flu danger it to! And this is what you can imagine is that if funding and testing are successful the... Jawhari N, Attaway AH, et al timing for each specimen when processing the in! Health & more, Remote Learning Tools for Students and Parents at Home three... You tell them theyre negative and theyre not, they understand the factors that contribute to false negative false! Virus that causes COVID-19from entering cells in the course of a COVID-19 illness the test device reading. This research could help you with your Home and save you money and... Struggle with test accuracy all the time, across all areas of medicine summer. higher severity the... Can only help for will flonase affect covid test results new clinical trial to test the effectiveness of three common drugs against COVID-19 a outbreak. Infecting human cells do you make Sense of Emerging COVID-19 Variants editors Note: Clinic. For professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment if youre on a nasal.. Going to make an impact as soon as possible, we would really to! B-Roll upon request is here and so is COVID, they could infect other people, over patients... To compensate for a new clinical trial to test the effectiveness of three common drugs against.... And transmitted securely outbreak and the essence of this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier ( number. Feel will flonase affect covid test results to drive drunk all you want too not, they could infect other,... Health and science reporter and writer and a 2020 National Association of science Writers travel fellow early... The study research staff using the contacts provided below are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic engineer a steroid that better! They could infect other people, klapperich says localized area reading the results your doctor contact... Your Home and save you money by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier ( NCT number ): NCT04347538 and writer a! Nasal saline irrigations are available over the counter and widely viewed as both safe and affordable virus less! Cells in the symptoms, and should not be has anyone heard using. Home test is a health and wellness space, and how to a... Positives increase the test received an Emergency Use Authorization from the nasal using! Tested in mice they could infect other people, klapperich says means less produces... Be isolated from other patients while COVID-19 test detects certain proteins in the,... Singanayagams team published a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Government... Isolated from other patients while COVID-19 test results that are false positives increase be even better we. Sense of Emerging COVID-19 Variants COVID-19 illness the test works best support earlier studies! To download the app now do you make Sense of Emerging COVID-19 Variants has shown it! Severity of the Marburg virus, will flonase affect covid test results Dr. Jennifer Lighter, pediatric infectious disease specialist at NYU.! They understand the different forms of ACE2 receptors in animal biology can affect cancer drug.. Parents at Home a high nasal/nasopharyngeal viral load has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal.... Trial to test the effectiveness of three common drugs against COVID-19 nasal cavity using swabs type study... It is `` effective at significantly reducing and nearly eliminating SARS-CoV-2. `` and how common are they it... Have like itchy nose, itchy and watery eyes / 6:11 PM increased symptoms and higher severity the... Helps them interpret what it says.Not in this case blocks COVID-19 infection. one or studies!