In retaliation, Forrest shot and killed two of them with his two-shot pistol and wounded two others with a knife thrown to him. [70] Like several others under Bragg's command, he urged an immediate follow-up attack to recapture Chattanooga, which had fallen a few weeks before. He wanted nothing more to do with the Klan, but felt honor bound to protect former associates. The infantry, tired, weary, and suffering under the heat, were quickly broken and sent into mass retreat. Either could have been the officer in charge of the event Lucius recalls in The Reivers - "legend to some people maybe. After his cavalry captured a U.S. artillery battery, he broke out of a siege headed by Major General Ulysses S. Grant, rallying nearly 4,000 troops and leading them to escape across the Cumberland River. Words cannot describe the scene. Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 - October 29, 1877) was a prominent Confederate Army general during the American Civil War and the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan from 1867 to 1869. Forrest had to recruit a new brigade of about 2,000 inexperienced recruits, most of whom lacked weapons. Nathan Bedford Forrest. In August 2000, a road on Fort Bliss named for Forrest decades earlier was renamed for former post commander Richard T. For this, he would later be promoted to the rank of lieutenant general on March 2, 1865. Forrest's Confederate forces were accused of subjecting captured U.S. Army soldiers to extreme brutality, with allegations of back-shooting soldiers who fled into the river, shooting wounded soldiers, burning men alive, nailing men to barrels and igniting them, crucifixion, and hacking men to death with sabers. Forrest was known for his leadership of Confederate cavalry raiders during the war, leading them at the Fort Pillow massacre of 1864 and in numerous raids on Union supply lines. Former Memphis Mayor Willie Herenton, who is black, blocked the move. [157] According to Wills, in the August 1867 state elections the Klan was relatively restrained in its actions. I heard him make a speech in one of our Dens". Nathan Bedford Forrest was a self-taught man who made his fortune as a cotton planter and trader of enslaved people. He played an important part in the civil war and helped with many victories in several battles. Forrest became involved sometime in late 1866 or early 1867. [120] A portion of his command, now dismounted, was surprised and captured in their camp at Verona, Mississippi on December 25, 1864, during a raid of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad by a brigade of Brig. People. All Previous Reports Fully Confirmed. As a result, Grant was forced to revise and delay his Vicksburg campaign strategy. [16] William Forrest worked as a blacksmith in Tennessee until 1834, when he moved with his family to Salem, Mississippi. The Fourteenth addressed citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws for formerly enslaved people, while the Fifteenth specifically secured the voting rights of black men. In 1978, Middle Tennessee State University abandoned imagery it had formerly used (in 1951, the school's yearbook, The Midlander, featured the first appearance of Forrest's likeness as MTSU's official mascot) and MTSU president M. G. Scarlett removed the General's image from the university's official seal. [115] During Hood's Tennessee Campaign, he fought alongside General John Bell Hood, the newest commander of the Confederate Army of Tennessee, in the Second Battle of Franklin on November 30. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Local lawyer and radio host Rose Sanders said, "Glorifying Nathan B. Forrest here is like glorifying a Nazi in Germany. For Selma, of all places, to have a big monument to a Klansman is totally unacceptable". You have been good soldiers. Avoiding attack by never staying in one place long, Forrest eventually led his troops during the spring and summer of 1864 on raids into west Tennessee, as far north as the banks of the Ohio River in southwest Kentucky and into north Mississippi. [181], In response to the Pole-Bearers speech, the Cavalry Survivors Association of Augusta, the first Confederate organization formed after the war, called a meeting in which Captain F. Edgeworth Eve gave a speech expressing strong disapproval of Forrest's remarks promoting inter-ethnic harmony, ridiculing his faculties and judgment and berating the woman who gave Forrest flowers as "a mulatto wench". [253], In June 2020, after Black members of the Tennessee House of Representatives unsuccessfully asked it to eliminate a state celebration of Forrest, Representative Cameron Sexton opined: "I dont think anybody here is truly racist. Nathan Bedford Forrest, fdd 13 juli 1821 i Chapel Hill, Tennessee, dd 29 oktober 1877 i Memphis, Tennessee, var en amerikansk plantagegare och generalljtnant i sydstatsarmn under amerikanska inbrdeskriget. [81] Forrest's men immediately took over the fort, while U.S. Army soldiers retreated to the lower bluffs of the river, but the USS New Era did not come to their rescue. Morton. The Civil War scholar Bruce Catton writes: Forrest used his horsemen as a modern general would use motorized infantry. I do not hate it; I am opposing now only the radical revolutionists who are trying to destroy it. Forest of Confederate fame was at our head, and was known as the Grand Wizard. . In 2013, Forrest Park in Memphis was renamed the Health Sciences Park amid substantial controversy. Grant . [255] Sexton said that he believed the removal of the bust "aligns with the teaching of communism. Forrest died of acute complications from diabetes at the Memphis home of his brother, Jesse. [132], Forrest reportedly died from acute complications of diabetes at the Memphis home of his brother Jesse on October 29, 1877. His father, a blacksmith, died and left young Forrest to fend for his six younger siblings and mother on their farm. [101], Because of the events at Fort Pillow, the U.S. public and press viewed Forrest as a war criminal. Gene Kizer, Jr. Nathan Bedford Forrest Escape From Fort Donelson Strain DuncansMarketplace (207) $995.00 Nathan Bedford Forrest American Civil War Double Sided Maple Veneer Wooden Christmas Ornament CivilWarChristmas (73) $16.95 FREE shipping Nathan Bedford Forrest Print Poster American Civil War General FroehlichArtStudio (32) $59.99 [21][22] By the time the American Civil War started in 1861, he had become one of the wealthiest men in the Southern United States, having amassed a "personal fortune that he claimed was worth $1.5 million". Instead, he noted that the state legislature would not likely approve the plate anyway. 769 Words4 Pages. Nathan Bedford Forrest (grandfather) Nathan Bedford Forrest II (August 1871 - March 11, 1931) was an American businessman who served as the 19th Commander-in-Chief of the Sons of Confederate Veterans from 1919 to 1921, [1] [2] [3] and as the Grand Dragon of the Ku Klux Klan for Georgia. Although he could not change the course for the confederate loss to the union, he did . On April 18, 2018, the Tennessee House of Representatives punished Memphis by cutting $250,000 in appropriations for the city's bicentennial celebration. In the ensuing raids, he was pursued by thousands of U.S. soldiers trying to locate his fast-moving forces. . He married Mary Frances Bassler on 19 November 1930, in Cook, Illinois, United States. [124] The ridgetop commissary he built as a provisioning store for the 1,000 Irish laborers hired to lay the rails became the nucleus of a town, which most residents called "Forrest's Town" and which was incorporated as Forrest City, Arkansas in 1870. [39] A great-grandson, Nathan Bedford Forrest III (19051943), graduated from West Point and rose to the rank of brigadier general in the U.S. Army Air Corps; he was killed during a bombing raid over Nazi Germany in 1943, becoming the first American general to die in combat in the European theater during World War II. On May 9, 1865, at Gainesville, Forrest read his farewell address to the men under his command, urging them to "submit to the powers to be, and to aid in restoring peace and establishing law and order throughout the land. The ball went through Forrest's pelvis and lodged near his spine. Forrest carried a model 1840 officer's cavalry sword from Horstmann and Sons of Philadelphia. (Memphis, Tenn.) 18471886, July 06, 1875, Image 1", "Ex-Confederates: Meeting of Cavalry Survivor's Association", "Confederate Veterans on Forrest: 'Unworthy of a Southern gentleman', "Council begins process of removing Nathan Bedford Forrest's remains", "Memphis removes Confederate statues from Downtown parks", "Memphis to Jefferson Davis: 'Na na na na, hey, hey, goodbye', "Bust of Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest Is Unveiled", "Arnold Engineering Development Center, Arnold Air Force Base, Tennessee: An Air Force Materiel Command Test Facility", "Confederate soldiers have their own medal of honor", "Florida High School Keeps KKK Founder's Name", "Confederate general's name removed from Army's road", "Soldier turned down film job to fight, die in Korea", "Forrest Hall: The Evolution of Middle Tennessee's Mascot", "Forrest Hall Name Change Decision Delayed", "Commission denies MTSU's request to change the name of Forrest Hall", "Hank Aaron replaces Confederate general in school name", "May 1, 1863 [No. [199] The Tennessee legislature established July 13 as "Nathan Bedford Forrest Day". As the Klan's first national leader, he became the Lost Cause's avenging angel, galvanizing a loose collection of boyish secret social clubs into a reactionary instrument of terror still feared today. [34][35] He also contracted the disease, but survived; his father recovered but died from residual effects of the disease five years later when Bedford was 16. [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136], Forrest was an early member of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), which was formed by six veterans of the Confederate Army in Pulaski, Tennessee, during the spring of 1866[137][138][139] and soon expanded throughout the state and beyond. [234], Grant himself described Forrest as "a brave and intrepid cavalry general" while noting that Forrest sent a dispatch on the Fort Pillow Massacre "in which he left out the part which shocks humanity to read". [172] In Louisiana, 1,000 blacks were killed to suppress Republican voting. The Confederates destroyed much of the U.S. Army's supplies and railroad tracks in the area. [4] While scholars generally acknowledge Forrest's skills and acumen as a cavalry leader and military strategist, he is a controversial figure in U.S. history for his role in the massacre of several hundred U.S. Army soldiers at Fort Pillow, a majority of them black, coupled with his role following the war as a leader of the Klan. [110] Sturgis ordered his infantry to advance to the front line to counteract the cavalry. [209][210][211] In 2005, Shelby County Commissioner Walter Bailey started an effort to move the statue over Forrest's grave and rename Forrest Park. Nathan Bedford Forrest (13 Juli 1821 - 29 Oktober 1877) adalah seorang jenderal Tentara Konfederasi pada Perang Saudara Amerika dan pemimpin Ku Klux Klan berpengaruh pasca-perang. Hicks refused to comply with the ultimatum, and according to his subsequent report, Forrest's troops took a position and set up a battery of guns while a flag of truce was still up. Report of the Committee on the Conduct of the War. Legislative Branch-Dixon, Nathan Fellows II - U.S. On April 21, Capt. Prominent ex-Confederates, including Forrest, the Grand Wizard of the Klan, and South Carolina's Wade Hampton, attended as delegates at the 1868 Democratic Convention, held at Tammany Hall headquarters at 141 East 14th Street in New York City. August 12, 2021. Confederate States Army general and Ku Klux Klan leader (1821-1877), This article is about the Confederate general. [231], Whether the massacre was premeditated or spontaneous does not address the more fundamental question of whether a massacre took place it certainly did, in every dictionary sense of the word. The Nathan Bedford Forrest statue was removed along Interstate 65 on Tuesday, December 7, 2021, during in Nashville, Tenn. A few vehicles left the site and the security guard locked the gate. Was Nathan a Confederate or Union member . [81] What happened next became known as the Fort Pillow Massacre. Gen. Samuel D. Sturgis at the Battle of Brices Crossroads in northeastern Mississippi. [125], The historian Court Carney writes that Forrest was not universally popular in the white Memphis community: he alienated many of the city's business people in his commercial dealings and was criticized for questionable business practices that caused him to default on debts. [132] Aiming to right his past wrongs, Forrest encouraged African-Americans to "work, be industrious, live honestly and act truly", as well as declaring that "when you are oppressed, I'll come to your relief". [189] In 1904, the remains of Forrest and his wife Mary were disinterred from Elmwood and moved to a Memphis city park that was originally named Forrest Park in his honor but has since been renamed Health Sciences Park. [80] Booth and his adjutant were killed in the battle, leaving Fort Pillow under the command of Major William Bradford. 200. This unit, which varied in size from 40 to 90 men, constituted the elite of his cavalry. "[254] In 2021 Sexton voted against the removal of the bust of Forrest from the Tennessee State Capitol and into the Tennessee State Museum, but only one other legislator agreed with him, and the bust was removed. [31] He was known as a tireless rider in the saddle and a skilled swordsman. In 1845, Forrest married Mary Ann Montgomery (18261893), the niece of a Presbyterian minister who was her legal guardian. [13] His blacksmith father was of English descent, and most of his biographers state that his mother was of Scotch-Irish descent, but the Memphis Genealogical Society says that she was of English descent. [46] Forrest's command included his Escort Company (his "Special Forces"), for which he selected the best soldiers available. A surgeon removed the musket ball a week later without anesthesia, which was unavailable. Grant wrote in his memoirs that Forrest, in his report of the battle, had "left out the part which shocks humanity to read". Laying down the body, Forrest spread his handkerchief over his dead brother's face and, calling on a member of his escort to remain with the corpse, he mounted his horse and said to those who were present: "Follow me.". General Forrest graduated from the Air Corps Tactical School in December 1939 with duty to the 17th Bombardment Group from December 1939 to February 1941 . Middle Tennessee. I think people may make insensitive comments. On May 3, Forrest caught up with Streight's unit east of Cedar Bluff, Alabama. [186] His eulogy was delivered by his recent spiritual mentor, former Confederate chaplain George Tucker Stainback, who declared in his eulogy: "Lieutenant-General Nathan Bedford Forrest, though dead, yet speaketh. Nathan Bedford Forrest was born on July 13, 1821 in rural Chapel Hill, Tennessee. Nathan Bedford Forrest. Congressman, RI: Biographies of the Civil War: 1: Apr 19, 2021: Committee Recommends Statue of Nathan Forrest Be Placed in Museum, Not in Public: Concerns About Civil War Monuments and Sites . Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nathan_Bedford_Forrest&oldid=1138674019, Confederate States Army lieutenant generals, People of Tennessee in the American Civil War, Articles with dead external links from August 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Raids in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Mississippi, early December 1862 early January 1863, Farewell address to his troops, May 9, 1865, This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 23:40. Newspaper correspondent Sylvanus Cadwallader, who traveled with Grant for three years during his campaigns, wrote that Forrest "was the only Confederate cavalryman of whom Grant stood in much dread". The list included the names of 7 officers and 219 white enlisted soldiers. Bragg failed to do so, upon which Forrest was quoted as saying, "What does he fight battles for? Born into a poor settler family, Nathan had a twin sister, Fanny. [221] He grasped the doctrines of mobile warfare[222] that would eventually become prevalent in the 20th century. [33], Forrest had twelve brothers and sisters; two of his eight brothers and three of his four sisters died of typhoid fever at an early age, all at about the same time. Nathan Bedford Forrest was the only soldier to rise from the rank of private to general during the U.S. Civil War. In what would be known as the Third Battle of Murfreesboro, a portion of Forrest's command broke and ran. 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