Many of the women wives, mothers, or sweethearts fainted or became hysterical when the bodies were uncovered. In 1863, in the aftermath of the Battle of Gettysburg, efforts quickly got underway to bury the thousands of dead men scattered around the town. It is located just outside Gettysburg Borough to the south, in Adams County, Pennsylvania. Samuel Weaver (1978-21 August 1992) was the son of Randy and Vicki Weaver and one of the inhabitants of the Naples, Idaho lodge besieged by US federal agents in the Ruby Ridge standoff. Explore. In 1889, Weaver wrote to his friend, Ada Egerton: Over 16 years have now passed away and today over twelve thousand dollars (including interest) is due me without a line from any of those interested in the debtdebt which you have often truly said is one of Sacred honor. Weaver certainly had a right to be aggrieved, for $12,000 in 1889 is the equivalent of more than $350,000 today. from New Orleans Theological Seminary and his Ph.D. in Rhetoric from Louisiana State University. On December 31, 1891, the Board gave the ladies the unwelcome news that Weavers claims were legitimate. Lee regiment unknown Weaver found two combs, a diary and the bullet that killed him.. Although no black soldiers were involved in the battle (Guelzo identifies one unnamed black civilian who, in the midst of the fighting, took up arms on his own with the 5th Ohio and fought valiantly), there were blacks killed in other Civil War battles who deserved proper burial. It would have been far too dangerous for everyone involved. The perseverance of the president of the association, however, aided by [an unnamed] farmers wife, finally secured his permission without compensation. Brother of Thomas Weaver and Richard Weaver. Many of the photographs taken during the cemetery's consecration ceremonies have been attributed to the Weavers. The cemetery authorities paid $1.59 a body, and Washington supplied the pine coffins. The last exhumations undertaken that year were of North Carolina soldiers. Biggs himself couldnt read or write, but he must have realized that moving north would afford his children opportunities out of reach in his home state. Leander Warren, who helped carry the bodies from Gettysburg when he was 13 years old, recalled this arrangement in a 1936 article in the Gettysburg Star and Sentinel: Basil Biggs, colored, of Gettysburg, was given the contract for disinterring the bodies on the field. . He was the son of the late Roy S. and Hilda M. (Wolfe) Weaver. A Ladies Memorial Association was established in almost every major city in the South, its purpose being to care for the graves of Confederate dead. Pennsylvania hastily moved to construct the Gettysburg National Cemetery to hold the Union dead. This rankled many Southerners, so the ladies of the South took it upon themselves to care for the fallen as they had cared for the wounded soldiers who had fought for the Cause.. He was born in Iowa and raised in a remote cabin with his parents and siblings, and he was indoctrinated with Christian fundamentalist and white supremacist views; his mother, the religious head of the family . As early as 1865, his father had started to get inquiries from Southern families seeking help finding the remains of loved ones killed at Gettysburg. . The Union army had no regular burial details and no grave registration units, Harvard historian Drew Gilpin Faust wrote in her 2008 book, This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War.. Weaver used the hook to probe into clothing pockets for items that might help with identification, according to a witness. #70 Mark Samuel #131 Taylor Weaver #46 Delaware Valley: W: FALL: 3:41: 141 #70 Mark Samuel #358 Michael Inks #110 Penn State Behrend: W: TF5: 16 - 0 2:12: 141 #70 Mark Samuel #3 Kyle Slendorn #8 Stevens Tech: L: MD: 16 - 5: 141 #70 Mark Samuel #53 Levi Englman #72 Ferrum: L: DEC: 9 - 6: 141 #70 Mark Samuel If the soldier was from the South, he was left in place, and his grave closed up again. Blocher removed the plate and refused to give it up until he was given $10. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2008. Pennsylvania, USA Death: Aug. 31, 1807 Adams County Pennsylvania, USA. He explained that I suggested to him that if he cut them, then he was only getting for them their value as rails, whereas, if he allowed them to stand to mark the spot he would eventually get ten times as much for them. Biggs was a shrewd businessman as well as a successful farmer and this line of argument worked. Besides being in possession of his fathers lists, his knowledge of human anatomy prepared him for the business of recognizing and retrieving human remains. Reportedly, Basil used the barn at the McPherson Farm, which he rented, to hide runaway slaves. The three day Battle of Gettysburg was one of the bloodiest of the American Civil War. Well on to nine years have elapsed since I have received any communication from the Association, he told her. The women appealed to a man named Samuel Weaver, who had been responsible in 1863 for transferring the remains of fallen Union soldiers into the Soldiers National Cemetery in Gettysburg. Basil Biggs was born in 1820 in Carroll County, Md., in New Windsor. Historical Person Search Search Search Results Results Samuel Galt Weaver (1884 - 1966) Try FREE for 14 days Try FREE for 14 days. ET on PBS), I learned something that took myand Annasbreath away. Samuel Weaver is the shorter person on the far right with the long beard and notebook in his hand. A great Southern Relief Fair was held in Baltimore in April 1866, the proceeds of which were intended to help recovery efforts in the still devastated South. He wrote a story of grief . That dissection contributed greatly to medical education and is still on display at Drexel University College of Medicine. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines. Besides private efforts, in the years after the war the task of mourning the dead and building a Confederate memory fell to the ladies of the South, and numerous Ladies Memorial Associations sprang up. Genealogy for Samuel Clay Weaver (1910 - 1916) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Samuel lived in 1900, at address, Missouri. At the end of the war, tens of thousands of soldiers graves dotted battlefields from Pennsylvania to Louisiana. A Civil War veteran, he enlisted in York September 4,. L.H. Fresh coffins stand by at the ready. Gen. Joseph Kershaws Brigade advanced on the afternoon of July 2, and from the cemetery and orchard near the Black Horse Tavern on the Fairfield Road, which served as the field hospital for Kershaws Brigade. However, the graves of men who had fallen in far-off places like Antietam and Gettysburg were beyond the ladies reach, both physically and financially. Gettysburg National Cemetery is a United States national cemetery created for Union/Federal casualties of the July 1 to 3, 1863 Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War (1861-1865). The obituary says nothing, however, about his selfless efforts to return the Confederate dead at Gettysburg to their native soil, efforts that went largely unrewarded. Biggs June 13, 1906, obituary in he Gettysburg Compiler reveals his most impressive accomplishment of all. We never undertook to collect anything from the Maury estate.Of course if any of this money had been paid to us we would have needed no reminder from you that we had agreed to turn it over to you.. The boxes had been sent by Samuel Weavers son, Rufus B. Weaver, who had carefully packed 239 bodies he could identify in individual boxes. The ladies of the HMA certainly attempted to collect what was due them from Maury & Co. Lee decided as well to give the war-torn state of . During the three days of combat, the invading Confederate troops turned Basils farm into a field hospital. But Sam Weaver had a son: Rufus Weaver. This page lists soldiers named August Sungrist through Isaac Sweeney who served in Pennsylvania infantry units during the Civil War. Basil Biggs toiled that soil as his own and, when opportunity presented itself, proved, once again, that he could do right by the nation and his family. A dozen more were removed from the cemetery at Camp Letterman, the large general hospital managed by the Army of the Potomacs medical corps, located on the York Road east of Gettysburg. Because the Cemetery was set aside for the burial of the Union deadand because no enlisted black soldiers fought at Gettysburgthe issue seems never to have come up, at least explicitly. Watch. Kathleen Logothetis Thompson graduated from Siena College in May 2010 with a B.A. There were 287 such packages, he reported. His name, if it could be learned, might be penciled on a board stuck in the ground or carved in a nearby tree. Weaver combed through the battlefield, identified Union and Confederate burials, and carefully disinterred Union soldiers for removal to the new cemetery. Basil Biggs was nothing if not industrious. But Blocher demanded to be paid for allowing the remains to rest in the ground as long as they had. So in 1866, just a year after the end of the Civil War, Biggs and others formed the Sons of Good Will, a benevolent association rallying around the cry We must find a place to bury our dead, according to a June 27, 2013, report by Cara Anthony in the Frederick News-Post. His tombstone in Mount Vernon Cemetery in Philadelphia is a simple affair, engraved only with his name, date of birth, and date of death. By 1873, he had exhumed and shipped from Gettysburg the remains of more than 3,000 Southern soldiers to Richmond, Raleigh, Savannah and Charleston. Today. William S. Hodgdon, of the 20th Maine, had a fish hook with him. During the nine months following the fight, the bodies of 3,354 Union soldiers were exhumed and reburied in Soldiers National Cemetery, dedicated in November 1863. D. McConaughy, Mr. Samuel Beaty to Miss Maryann Twinam. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, was the site of the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, with a casualty list more than 40,000 long. Shop sales in every category.Uh-oh, overstock: Wayfair put their surplus on sale for up to 50% off. But there were also diaries, photographs, letters, a rosary and Bibles. Family and friends can send flowers and condolences in memory of the loved one. Weaver looks at the camera while a crew of black workers appears to have just exhumed a body. Ada Egerton, sometimes referred to as Adeline, came from a family of Southern sympathizers. payments Pennsylvania Philadelphia position present President Railroad received reported represent resignation resolved Robert salary Samuel schools Secretary secure September served shares 10 shares shares 20 signed specie . Black News and Black Views with a Whole Lotta Attitude. I am therefore somewhat at a loss to understand why you have been waiting for us to move in the matter. He had a crew of eight or ten negroes in his employ.. How could an obligation of this size have been created? Having been first organized when Virginia was under military rule, [the HMA] had never been incorporated.Having no corporate body to sue, his only recourse would be to sue the ladies individually or continue to rely on their sense of honor. She is currently pursuing her PhD at West Virginia University with research on mental trauma in the Civil War. Rufus Weaver was born in Gettysburg in 1841 and graduated from Pennsylvania (now Gettysburg) College in 1862. Mrs. Brown went to the bank early that day, he reported, but nothing could be done. It required one with anatomical knowledge, to gather all the bones, Weaver wrote later. Weaver, in a report to cemetery authorities, never mentioned the odor that must have attended his work. History is who we are and why we are the way we are.. A payment of $3,000 to Weaver was included in the general appropriations bill. Eighty-four sets of remains were sent to Charleston, where a dedication ceremony was held on May 10, 1871. From Virginia, the prominent Hollywood Memorial Association based in Richmond approached Weaver to claim the dead from their state. The agreed-upon price was $3.25 for each set of remains. Newspaper: Sentinel: Died, Saturday night last in the 39th year of his age, Samuel Weaver of Straban Twp., 18 Oct 1820, Gettysburg, Adams, PA. 1. He then wrote the name, company and regiment of the soldier on the coffin and numbered it. Biesecker, won the government contract to exhume the bodies of Union soldiers and rebury them in the Gettysburg (or Soldiers) National Cemetery. Weaver was receptive to Southern pleas but was killed himself, ending his reign of compassion here on earth. Egerton responded by calling upon a number of people in Richmond whom she thought might have some influence in the matter, among them Stiles and Dr. Hunter McGuire, and members of the now-revived HMA. How it ended. When Samuel W. Weaver was born on 21 January 1862, in Pennsylvania, United States, his father, Jacob Boger Weaver, was 29 and his mother, Catherine Carroll, was 24. Creighton quotes a Gettysburg resident who witnessed their effort: Words would fail to describe the grateful relief that this work has brought to many a sorrowing household! . Each also harbors a less well-known story of burialand reburial. Battlefield dead were most often buried haphazardly. The stakes then couldnt have been higherslavery vs. freedomnor the ground the soldiers fell on more hallowed. . She was a member of the three-woman committee appointed to distribute funds allocated for the relief of Virginia. He found a black man to execute the job! Weaver began work in April 1872, writing to Mrs. Egerton, The farmers are now getting their land ready for corn and I want to do all I can before the fields are planted. On June 13 a first shipment of 708 remains was sent to Richmond. Some individual families were able to make the trek, but operations on a mass scale would have to wait until the South recovered financially. There, according to the 1860 census, 186 free black people lived, Guelzo says, with another 1,500 scattered through Adams County.. [45] In making the dead and their families whole, Biggs saw a way to make his family whole. 2. Every now and then I read in the papers of work going on in raising money for the erection of monuments etc. 10/13/68), Eliza J. In the immediate post-war period, the South had to focus on physically rebuilding its infrastructure and rebuilding its ties with the north; it did not have the money or resources to tend to the Confederate dead. Instead, the serenity we see today was, in 1863, a horrifying scene of carnage everywhere one looked, and it took months of strenuous, stomach-turning labor to transform the ghastly aftermath into a proper place of burial where the living of the townand the nation as a wholecould commune with the dead through prayer and song. Each time a dead soldier was dug up on the shattered battlefield here, the short, bearded figure of Samuel Weaver was there with his iron hook to ensure that it was not a rebel. Ada was active in efforts to provide aid to Confederate prisoners at Point Lookout in Southern Maryland during the war, and after the war was very involved with the Southern Relief Society. In March 1874, Major Robert Stiles, a Richmond attorney, wrote to Mrs. Egerton that one of the notes due from Maury had come due on March 1. Of course, given the absolute secrecy the Underground Railroad had to maintain, we couldnt find documents listing his participation in this or that slave escape. 14 Gettysburg College 36.0 15 Thiel College 19.5 16 Waynesburg University 18.5 . [47] and occupied 200 acres (0.81 km 2) by December. But Samuel Weaver was killed in February 1871 . The clue to that lies in a comment made in a draft letter written by a member of the HMA in late 1891. Upon graduating, Rufus went to Philadelphia to study anatomy, with the goal of becoming a doctor. For three hot summers, Rufus Weaver toiled to retrieve remains from battlefield graves. in Economics from the University of Virginia and an MBA from Dartmouth College. Dont miss Episode 3 of Finding Your Roots tomorrow night! estimated that approximately 7,800 men were killed during the three days of that battle, Think Youre a Gettysburg Fan? Apparently, farmer John Rose was not sympathetic to their mission. I not only superintended the general work on the field, but personally did the most important part myself, viz picking up the bones for, in the absence of boxes, it required one with Anatomical Knowledge, to gather all the bones; (which workmen could not do) and, regarding each bone important and sacred as an integral part of the skeleton, Ive moved them so that none might be left or lost., Had I followed the 8 or 10 hour system for a days work, it would have taken twice as long to have completed the work.My custom was by, and very often before, daybreak to start out on the field with my men and would not reach home, with precious freight, until dark, & after supper I would arrange, in proper place and order, and Label every remain or lot of remains, and then by the time I had written out the record etc. Or purchase a subscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on. Well never know the internal story of Basil Biggs and his black burial detail, for even the most disturbing photographs, Creighton writes, fail to capture what these men did with their emotions as they sorted through peoplewhether they grew inured to the dead and learned to work mechanically, or whether the smell and sight of humans turned from flesh to dust exacted a lasting psychological toll., What we do know is, thanks to Biggs and his men, Lincoln was able to deliver his Gettysburg Address in front of orderly rows of graves in the new national cemetery. To cover that, the ladies wanted to petition the Virginia legislature for the funds, but the advisory board advised against that. In addition, Kathleen has been a seasonal interpreter at Fredericksburg & Spotsylvania National Military Park since 2010 and has worked on various other publications and projects. In recent years, however, Weaver has begun to receive the recognition he deserves. of each remains it would be midnight & after, for invariably I arranged the records for each days work as I went along before retiring, thus generally being engaged from 18 to 20 out of the 24 hoursfor the work had to be done then or never.. RPI Calculations NOTE: These are only projected participants. The first states to raise money to reinter their Gettysburg dead were Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, and in the spring and summer of 1871 Weaver exhumed and shipped 137 Confederates to Raleigh, 74 to Charleston, 101 to Savannah, and a few to Maryland, along with a few individual officers who were claimed by family. But what had spurred Biggs to leave Maryland? cemeteries found in Gettysburg, Adams County, Pennsylvania, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Capt. . Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Campbell of Savannah on October 9, 1871, Weaver wrote that he hoped the ladies of Savannah and Raleigh would be able to procure enough aid to allow them to send for their unknown dead in the spring. After the Battle of Gettysburg Samuel was appointed by Pennsylvania governor Andrew Curtain to oversee the exhumation of Union soldiers for . Today, the High Water Mark Monument is one of the most solemn spots on the battlefield, where tourists peer out, trying to imagine the spectacle of Picketts Charge and the climactic fighting of the three-day campaign that repelled the Confederates from northern soil. Warfield also ran a highly regarded blacksmith shop, and Biggs was well known for his veterinary skills. We encourage you to research and examine . Husband of Ann Jackson married [date unknown] [location unknown] Husband of Elizabeth (Bygrave) Weaver married 1625 in Jamestown, James City, Virginia, United . His obituary in The Philadelphia Inquirer lauds his long career as a professor of anatomy at Hahnemann Medical College in Philadelphia, where he became famous for being the first person to successfully dissect the complete cerebrospinal nervous system of a human being. Weaver praised the ladies for their efforts but stopped short of calling the debt settled. In fact, she was downright dismissive. A separate contractor reburied the bodies in the new cemetery, three feet down and side by side. 3. The man holding the notebook is Samuel Weaver, Peter's father. Basil Biggss greatest living monument is his great-great granddaughter Anna Deavere Smith. Index cards for these men are not in NARA microfilm publication M554, Index to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations From the State of Pennsylvania (136 rolls) because the cards were never received by NARA. 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